National identity in Russia: between globalization and glocalization

Russia is a multinational and multicultural country, making the issue of national identity extremely important. National identity refers to the capacity to unite national, ethnic, and territorial communities into a cohesive whole. It fosters a shared awareness of belonging to one nation and people. This paper explores issues of support for this unification and examines the impact of globalizational trends on individuals’ commitment to national traditions and ideals. Through a comparative analysis of linguistic, sociocultural, religious, and territorial identities, the paper emphasizes the crucial role of territorial identity, which as the most influential factor in creating a national identity. Territorial identity is analyzed at local, municipal, and regional levels, as it varies based on how citizens identify with area of their residence. Summarizing the experiences of the European Union, the paper highlights the threat of glocalization, which can undermine the spiritual unity of political communities. Drawing on sociological studies conducted in Russia, the paper identifies key factors that influence the formation of national identity and underscores the stabilizing role of local identity. Currently, significant efforts are being made by central authorities to enhance the socio-economic development of national and territorial outskirts, building economic potential, reducing growing regional disparities, and strengthening the role of national values in the development of the country’s multinational culture. To achieve this, it is essential to improve state regional policies aimed at minimizing interregional differences, increasing living standards in various regions, and supporting the development of national cultures.

1. Fukuyama, F. (2018). Why national identity matters. Journal of Democracy, 29(4), pp. 5-15. (In English).

2. İnaç, H., & Ünal, F. (2013). The construction of national identity in modern times: theoretical perspective. International journal of humanities and social science, 3(11), pp. 223-232. (In English).

3. Bezerra, F. P. (2024). Foraster the Global Orphan, Advances in Applied Sociology, 14(6), pp. 337-343. (In English). DOI: 10.4236/aasoci.2024.146023

4. Huntington, S. P. (2004). Who are we?: The challenges to America's national identity. New York: Simon and Schuster. 448 р. (In English).

5. Habermas, J. (1990). Citizenship and national identity. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, рр. 491-515. (In English).

6. Parkhomenko, R. I. (2014). Citizenship and National Identity in the Understanding of J. Habermas. Law and Politics, (3), рр. 379-386. (In Russian). DOI: 10.7256/1811-9018.2014.3.7797

7. Zinchenko, V. V. (2019). Specifications of nation-building vs. ethnocentrism in the prospects of public and civil institutionalization: the context of globalization and internationalization trends. Greater Eurasia: development, security, cooperation, (2-2), рр. 580-587. (In Russian).

8. Skvortsov, N. G. (2016). Formation of National Identity in Modern Russia. Humanitarian of the South of Russia, (4), рр. 53-60. (In Russian).

9. Russkikh, L. V. (2013). Identity: Cultural, Ethnic, National, Bulletin of the south ural state university: series: social sciences and the humanities, (2), рр. 178-180. (In Russian).

10. Drobizheva, L. M. (2017). National identity as a means of reducing ethnic negativism. Universe of Russia. Sociology. Ethnology, 26(1), рр. 7-31. (In Russian).

11. Erokhin, V. S. (2024). To the issue of the concept of national identity. Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy, 24(3), pp. 274-278. (In Russian). DOI: 10.18500/1819-7671-2024-24-3-274-278

12. Ivanov, V. N. (2014). Influence of globalization to national identity in modern circumstances. Fundamental research, (8-4), pp. 1003-1007. (In Russian).

13. Khlevov, A. A., Latysheva, E. V., & Chigrin, V. A. (2019). Russian national cultural identity: an attempt of study of the historical memory of young people in the Republic of Crimea. Scientific notes of the Crimean Federal University named after V. I. Vernadsky. Historical sciences, (1), pp. 158-169. (In Russian).

14. Shevchenko, O. M., Danelius, D. V., & Serikova, I. B. (2014). Xenophobia as a threat to the formation of civil identity in contemporary Russia. Social and humanitarian knowledge, (11), pp. 66-11. (In Russian).

15. Plotnikova, O. V., & Dubrovina, O. Yu. (2013). Globalization and regionalization, their impact on international cooperation of regions. Power, (2), pp. 134-136. (In Russian).

16. Sedykh, A. P., Emanuele, V., & Kugan, E. I. (2022). Linguistic and cultural identity: epistemological review. Research Result. Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, 8(3), pp. 20-37. (In English). DOI: 10.18413/2313-8912-2022-8-3-0-2

17. Kornienko, O. Yu. (2017). Cultural and Linguistic Identity: Traditional and Modern Approaches. Alma Mater (Herald of the Higher School), (9), рр. 101-105. (In Russian).

18. The Problem of Youth Trust in Public and State Institutions in the Context of Ensuring National Security in the Context of a Special Military Operation (Regional Aspect). (2024). Nizhny Novgorod, NGLU Publ., 374 p. (In Russian).

19. Gorshkov, M. G., & Tikhonova, N. E. (eds.). (2022). Rossiyskoe obshchestvo i vyzovy vremeni. Kniga shestaya. Moscow, Ves mir Publ., 284 p. (In Russian).

20. Shvorina, K. V., & Faleichik, L. M. (2018). Main trends in migration mobility of the population of the regions of the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts. Economy of the region, 14(2), pp. 485-501. (In Russian). DOI: 10.17059/2018-2-12

21. Tikhonova, N. E., Latov, Yu. V., Latova, N. V., Karavay, A. V., & Slobodenyuk, E. D. (2023).Chelovecheskiy kapital rossiyskikh professionalov: sostoyanie, dinamika, faktory. Mosсow, FNISTS RAN Publ., 488 p. (In Russian).

22. Smith, A. D. (1992). National identity and the idea of European unity. International affairs, 68(1), pp. 55-76. (In English).

23. Vedernikov, M. V. (2021). Formation of National Identity in Slovakia, MGIMO Review of International Relations, 14(1), pp. 94-125. (In Russian). DOI: 10.24833/2071-8160-2021-1-76-94-125

24. Meleshkina, E. Yu., & Pomiguev, I. A. (2021). Montenegro in Search of National and State Identity, Bulletin of Perm University. Political Science, 15(1), pp. 5-18. (In Russian). DOI: 10.17072/2218-1067-2021-1-5-18

25. Zorin, V. Yu., & Rudakov, A. V. (2018). The policy of identity as the factor of ensuring security in the conditions of globalization. Russian Social and Humanitarian Journal, (3), pp. 55-70. (In Russian). DOI: 10.18384/2224-0209-2018-3-902

26. Ustinkin, S. V., & Rudakov, A. V. (2018). Globalization and Russian identity in the 21st century, Observer, 8 (343), pp. 62-71. (In Russian).

27. Pain, E. A. (2024). Updating the Conceptual Foundations of National Policy: Will Interculturalism Take Root in Russia? Russia under Reform, (22), рр. 357-374. (In Russian). DOI: 10.19181/ezheg.2024.14

28. Kabashova, E. V. (2024). Interregional Differences in the Quality and Standard of Living of the Population of Russia. Living Standard of the Population in the Regions of Russia, 20(3), pp. 397-414. (In Russian). DOI: 10.52180/1999-9836_2024_20_3_6_397_414