Recent events have highlighted the unpreparedness of government authorities and population in many countries to overcome crisis situations associated with the spread of diseases. The main problems are related to the insufficient level of development of strategies and tactics of self-preservation behavior of citizens that determines the relevance of the study. The aim of the article is to study approaches to understanding self-preservation behavior as a concept and its structure. The authors of the article used methods of analysis, generalization, and synthesis when working with theoretical sources. They also used the method of comparative analysis when comparing approaches to understanding the concept of self-preservation behavior and its structure. The modeling method also found its application in this study. The analysis allows the authors to conclude that self-preservation behavior is an important and integral part of social behavior, it can be understood as a conscious behavior of the individual, aimed at maintaining optimal parameters of biological, psychological, and social health, minimizing objectively existing threats and subjectively perceived risks. In the structure of self-preservation behavior one can conditionally distinguish cognitive (including self-assessment of health, goals, and attitudes), motivationalvalue, affective (motivation), behavioral (system of health-saving actions), and reflexive (result control) components. At the same time, the leading role in the formation of self-preservation behavior is assigned to the motivational-value component, the perception of health as an existential value. The results of this study can be used to develop a reminder or checklist on self-preservation behavior. 

The article analyses practices and approaches to implementing advanced engineering education models in domestic and foreign educational organizations. It focuses on the development of universities, advanced engineering education, cooperation between organizations, and the project-based system of advanced engineering education. The methodological principles of organization of advanced engineering education in universities were presented and summarized through the development of formats of cooperation between students, university teachers, as well as specialists and experts from industrial partners. An analysis of the sources allowed the authors of the article to formulate theoretical conclusions and develop practical recommendations for the realization of an advanced engineering education system based on current approaches and practices. It is substantiated that the characterization of "advance" in education and effective teaching of engineers for promising markets is possible through the integration of industrial partners in the educational process. The article proposes a model for advanced engineering education. The model's novelty and effectiveness are based on several factors. Firstly, the integration of industrial partners and their participation in all stages of the educational process. Secondly, the provision of a real opportunity for individualization and conscious profiling of students based on the active learning approach. Thirdly, the transformation of roles of a number of key participants of the educational process, including students, teachers, and specialists from industrial partners. Finally, the implementation of a new mechanism of interconnection of the university's main activities, including educational, research, and innovation.

Theoretical and empirical analysis is carried out in the context of available modern sociological paradigms and scientific knowledge: "civic engagement", "social change, "group action", as well as in the context of theories of social activism and interaction within youth systems and communities. Considering these issues and the youth policy adopted in the Russian Federation, the authors of the article aim to study the activities of selfgoverning structures in the Russian Federation, specifically focusing on the functioning of the Public Youth Chamber at the Tyumen Regional Duma and its priority areas of work. The study surveyed youth activists using the quota method and found the structure being investigated serves as a model organization by implementing the principles of Russian youth policy. These principles include combining the needs of the individual, society, and the state; ensuring equal social interaction; supporting youth associations; and mandating youth participation in policy formation and implementation that reflects the common positions of this social group. Based on the authors' empirical results, the study revealed the level of activity among participants in the Public Youth Chamber projects, as well as their evaluations of this type of activity and its development prospects.

The article examines urban religiosity as an essential and functional phenomenon for all social systems. The article aims to provide a sociological description of Muslim religiosity in the urban area of the Soviet Middle Volga region. During the pre-revolutionary and Soviet periods, the study of religiosity was primarily focused on rural areas. As the Russian state's modern agrarian policy stimulates urbanization, and the rural population in Central Russia rapidly declines, the topic of urban religiosity has become increasingly important. The aim of this article is to examine the stability of Muslim religiosity in the conditions of unification and standardization of urban life. To achieve this, the study applies the concepts and techniques of rural-urban sociology and the Chicago school to the analysis of Muslim religiosity in the Middle Volga region during both the Soviet and post-Soviet periods. To achieve the aim of the study, a significant amount of historical and sociological material was necessary as an empirical base. In order to investigate the issue, interviews were conducted with 104 Tatar residents of the suburban area of Kazan. The research method is a telephone interview. The article considers religion and religiosity as a spatial phenomenon, as an adaptive resource of society and as a factor in maintaining social order. The study identified several conditions that contribute to the preservation of religiosity in urban areas. It has been determined that the religiosity of urban and rural Tatars during Soviet times shared common characteristics. These included the lack of a desire among believers to demonstrate their religious identity, their superficial knowledge of the basics of dogma, the inseparability of national, family traditions from religious ones, "femininity", "rituality", etc. Within Soviet cities there were different transitional types of settlements and zones. Believers preferred to settle on the outskirts of cities, which attracted them with the opportunity to lead a lifestyle close to that of a peasant. The demarcation between the two types of religiosity occurs in the post-Soviet period.

The article presents the results of a study on the image of health in the consciousness of the population of Tyumen region and its connection with health-saving behaviour in the context of changes in the culture of health during the COVID-19 pandemic. This text discusses the emergence and development of COVID-19 in the world and the Russian Federation, as well as the social response measures taken to contain mass contamination between 2020 and 2022. The results of the analysis of the formalized survey of the adult population of Tyumen region over 18 years of age (n = 384 persons, the field phase of the study is April 2022) and a focus group study are given. The spectrum of associations of understanding of the categories "health", "ideal health" is considered, also the assessment of actions taken by respondents to preserve health is given. The article presents the results of an analysis of the spectrum of ideas about the COVID-19 pandemic and indicators for assessing the level of perception of the threat of COVID-19. The level of "threat perception" and compliance with social norms of protection against COVID-19 infection are assessed, and models of health-saving behaviour in pandemic reflecting sociocultural features of pandemic perception and health image are identified. Based on the study, strategies of health-saving behavior (prevention strategy, situational and passive) were identified.

The article analyses the influence of the party and state ideology of the People's Republic of China, the core of which is the Chinese communist ideology, on the formation of modern research models for social management studies. The article aims to identify patterns of conjunction between ideologised and pragmatic scientific knowledge specific to regions in China. The study analyses Chinese social management dissertations selected through a continuous sampling method using a systemic modelling approach and factor analysis. The findings suggest that the process of studying social management in China is influenced by three basic factors: modern party and state ideology, traditionalism, and pragmatism. Chineseised Marxism is supported by traditionalism, while pragmatism enables the achievement of sound and socially useful solutions to current problems. The article describes the stages of formation of state ideology in China, its relationship at different stages of development with tradition and the current correlation of these three phenomena within the scientific research process. Three types of research models are identified: pragmatically-, traditionally-, and ideologically-oriented models. Pragmatically-oriented models are characterised by a rational scientific approach aimed at solving real problems of social management. Ideologically-oriented models aim to justify party and state ideologemes in the scholarly text. Traditionally-oriented models, acting as auxiliary to ideologically-oriented models, meet the social and political demand for the recultivation of Chinese ethnocentrism, which manifests itself in scholarship through the justification of the uniqueness of the Chinese way of development and the self-sufficiency of Chinese culture. The combination of the three factors (pragmatism, ideology, and traditionalism) makes it possible to achieve a balance between scientific and imposed social and political tasks: some studies focus on scientifically grounded methods for solving social management problems (pragmatism), some are aimed at satisfying the requirements of political course (ideology), while the others are created to justify the emphasis on traditional values as a basic component of managerial concepts in order to form and maintain conservatism (tradition). The combination of all three factors generates submodels with varying degrees of influence of each of them. At the same time, nowadays the ideologically-oriented type of models begins to play a significant role in the presentation of scientific research due to the increasing influence of the party and state ideology on all spheres of social life. It has been noted that among the analyzed models of this type, the most in demand is the ideologically-oriented submodel with an active pragmatic factor, which allows directing the efforts of researchers towards solving real social problems. The continued viability of ideologically-oriented models will depend on maintaining the influence of this factor.

The transformational processes taking place in society have now strengthened the role of information in ensuring the functioning of the state and put information security as one of the key objectives of national policy. Geopolitical aspects of information confrontation have entered the stage of cognitive warfare, in which the information impact is primarily aimed at destabilising socio-political and economic processes. The emergence and dissemination of inaccurate information of public importance, commonly referred to as fake news, plays a significant role in compromising information security within information space of Russia. Although information security policy documents aim to prevent the dissemination of false information, the number of fake news and their prevalence are increasing. The aim of the study is to systematise the factors and directions of information security policy in Russia and to determine the significance of fake news. The article analyses the legal provisions of the policy for ensuring information security in Russia. It systematises the main directions of its implementation and provides a secondary analysis of the results of the study on the spread of fake news in information space of Russia. The proposed factors have been systematised to enable the determination of conditions for the formation and implementation of an effective information security policy. This policy aims to counteract destructive information influence on citizens.

The article is devoted to the problem of corporate information security in such an aspect as the identification, identification and minimization of social risks in the organization of the work of the staff of a business structure in online mode. It is based on empirical material based on the results of the author's research on various issues of emerging social risks and related information security of companies using the remote format of employee work, implemented in the south of Tyumen region, which is a pilot territory for the federal program "Labor Productivity and employment support". The study was conducted using such methods as expert assessment, questionnaires, and analysis of secondary data. Statistical data on the increase in IT crimes in recent years by regions of the country and statistical calculations of the specific weights of corporate employees, depending on the format in which they would like to work in their company, are presented. The article describes the main results of the study: the social nature of entrepreneurial risks associated with the remote format of staff work is clarified; five main types of social risks are identified when organizing the work of company employees online; a statistical assessment of cybercrimes against domestic companies is given; the consequences of phishing attacks on the IT infrastructure of Russian business structures are analyzed; the causes of corporate data leakage and business losses associated with the risks of organizing remote work of personnel are considered; financial losses of companies operating online are characterized; the risks of returning employees of a business structure from relocation to office work are studied and the results of a sociological study are presented in which format they prefer to work during the working week; the risks of non-compliance with corporate information security rules by remotely employed employees of the company are substantiated and systematized; the most vulnerable links of the corporate information security system are indicated. The opinion of the authors of the article on the role and place of government agencies in solving the problem of corporate information security in such an aspect as the identification, identification and minimization of social risks in the organization of the work of the staff of a business structure in online mode is given. In the final section of the article the interpretation and application of the results obtained are given, and the benefits of the conducted research for the scientific community are described. The authors' position is substantiated that, despite the importance of the support and participation of state bodies in solving this problem, it should be borne in mind that they eliminate only the socio-economic consequences, not the causes.

According to the well-known theory of William Strauss and Neil Howe, modern society can be divided into four generations: "baby boomers", "Х", "Y" and "Z". These generations have differences among themselves in various issues, including the issue of attitudes towards ecology. In the modern world, the environmental agenda is of particular importance due to the rapidly changing nature of our surroundings. The problem of ecology is one of the six global problems of our time. In this regard, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between different generations and environmental protection and eco-activism. General scientific methods were used to achieve this research objective, including the analysis of historical materials and the results of applied sociological surveys. In this article, we tried to trace how, depending on the generation, the ideas and values of environmental friendliness and care for the environment changed. For the first time, the so-called Millennials (generation Y, born between 1983 and 2004) have shown a special interest in the "green theme". According to the study data, representatives of the Zoomer generation (born after 2004) are even more inclined to show interest in the environmental agenda than other generations. This is primarily expressed through strengthened eco-advocacy in the social context. They tend to use products from recycled materials, consume environmentally friendly products, relax in nature, taking care of it. An analysis of contemporary media publications and data obtained from sociological surveys suggests that eco-advocacy is an important value orientation for youth today. This phenomenon highlights the differences between the modern generation of Zoomers and previous generations such as baby boomers, X and Millennials.